What role do antigens play in cancer cells?

Antigens in cancer cells are proteins or molecules expressed on the surface of these cells that can provoke an immune response. In the context of cancer, many tumor cells express abnormal antigens, often referred to as tumor-associated antigens or tumor-specific antigens. These antigens can be identified by the immune system as foreign, leading to the activation of immune responses aimed at targeting and destroying the cancerous cells.

The immune system relies on the presence of antigens to differentiate between normal and abnormal cells. Since cancer cells often have altered or overexpressed antigens compared to normal cells, they can evoke a stronger immunological response. This recognition helps the body mount an attack against the cancer cells, involving various immune cells that can disrupt the growth and spread of tumors.

In contrast, the other choices do not accurately describe the role of antigens in cancer. For instance, antigens are not recognized as normal cellular components; if they were, there would be no immune response. Additionally, while antigens do not directly influence the ability of cells to metastasize, the immune system’s recognition of cancer antigens can affect the spread of cancer by potentially eliminating cells before they can metastasize. Lastly, antigens do not facilitate cell cohesion; instead,