What is the function of IgE in the immune response?

The function of IgE in the immune response is primarily related to its role in mediating inflammation and allergic responses. When an individual is exposed to an allergen, IgE antibodies bind to these allergens and trigger mast cells and basophils to release histamine and other inflammatory mediators. This process leads to the classic symptoms of allergic reactions, such as itching, swelling, and redness. IgE is particularly involved in hypersensitivity reactions, which can range from mild allergies to severe anaphylactic responses.

This specialization makes IgE distinct from other immunoglobulins. For example, while some antibodies focus on neutralizing pathogens or providing maternal-fetal immunoglobulin transfer, IgE’s unique role centers around the initiation and regulation of allergic responses, as well as existing defenses against parasitic infections.