How does inflammation contribute to disease processes?

Inflammation plays a crucial role in the body's response to injury and infection, serving as a fundamental component of the immune system. While inflammation is essential for initiating healing and fighting pathogens, when it becomes chronic or excessive, it can lead to tissue damage. This occurs because inflammatory processes involve the release of various mediators, such as cytokines and enzymes, which can inadvertently harm surrounding tissues if they persist for an extended period.

Chronic inflammation is associated with several diseases, including autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. For example, in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, ongoing inflammation leads to the destruction of joint tissues. Thus, while acute inflammation are protective responses aimed at resolving infections or injuries, unchecked or prolonged inflammation can ultimately become detrimental, contributing significantly to the pathophysiology of many diseases.